Cape Town’s city council announced it will "imminently" capture and relocate two troops of chacma baboons that have been increasingly clashing with residents. The plan involves sterilising the animals and moving them to a newly established sanctuary, a move that has drawn sharp criticism from animal rights advocates.

The escalating issue stems from a growing baboon population on the Cape Peninsula. Following a halt to culling in the late 1990s due to public pressure, the baboon population has surged. A 2025 census indicated a nearly third increase since 2000, bringing the total to 493 baboons across 12 managed troops. This population boom has led to frequent intrusions into homes, shops, and vehicles.

Residents are experiencing significant disruption, with baboons tearing off roof sheeting, entering unlocked cars, and raiding pantries and convenience stores. The animals have also been observed breaking into homes in Simon's Town. The persistent problem has made everyday activities like barbecues and garden parties a source of anxiety for locals.

Behavioral ecologist Justin O’Riain of the University of Cape Town highlighted the financial impact, noting that property values have declined due to the constant presence of baboon faeces and paw prints. He stated that selling a house has become challenging under these conditions.

Animal rights activists argue that less intrusive solutions have not been adequately explored and that the baboons should be allowed to remain in their natural habitat. They insist that coexistence is achievable and advocate for methods that do not involve removal or culling.

Geographical factors contribute to the concentration of the problem on the Cape Peninsula, a narrow landmass. The city's management of the baboon population has been a long-standing challenge, with the current situation described as having reached a boiling point in the last two years.

Officials are reportedly considering a range of measures to mitigate human-baboon conflict, but the specifics of the relocation and sanctuary plans are still being finalized. The decision to move the baboons is a significant step, reflecting the growing pressure from residents to find a resolution to the ongoing disturbances.

This development raises questions about the long-term strategy for managing urban wildlife populations and the balance between human development and animal welfare in densely populated areas. The success of the relocation and the well-being of the baboons in the new sanctuary will be closely watched.